Tables

• 2 Publication Policies and Practices
  • 2.1 General Responsibilities of Those Submitting and Publishing Research
  • 2.2 Common Ethical Breaches in Research and Publishing
  • 2.3 Research Ethics Checklist
  • 2.4 Ethical Responsibilities of Those Submitting and Publishing Research
  • 2.5 Managing Duplicate, Divided, and Joint Publication
  • 2.6 Managing Competing Interests
  • 2.7 Responsibilities of Dealing with Privileged Information
  • 2.8 Responsibilities for Authorship and Disputed Authorship
  • 2.9 Example of a Publication Ethics Checklist
  • 2.10 Responsibilities of Sponsoring Societies and Other Journal Owners and Publishers
• 3 The Basics of Copyright
  • 3.1 Eligibility for Copyright in the United States
  • 3.2 History of Copyright Duration in the United States
  • 3.3 Duration of Copyright Protection in Canada, Australia, the United Kingdom, and New Zealand
• 4 Alphabets, Symbols, and Signs
  • 4.1 Roman and Greek Alphabets
  • 4.2 Common Diacritics and Special Formations for the Roman Alphabet Used Primarily in Languages Other than English
  • 4.3 Examples of Scientific and Common Symbols
  • 4.4 Scientific and Common Symbols Detailed in This Style Manual
  • 4.5 Style Conventions for Alphanumeric Symbols
• 5 Punctuation and Related Marks
  • 5.1 List of Punctuation Marks
• 6 Spelling, Word Formation and Division, Plurals, and Possessives
  • 6.1 Nouns with Variant Spellings in American and British English
  • 6.2 Examples of Scientific Terms Formed with Nonhyphenated Prefixes
  • 6.3 Plural Endings from Non-English Languages
• 8 Names and Personal Designations
  • 8.1 Guidelines for Determining Formal Surnames According to Their Countries of Origin
  • 8.2 Abbreviations of Select Academic Degrees and Other Professional Credentials
  • 8.3 Scientific Names: Relevant Chapters in This Style Manual
• 10 Type Styles, Excerpts, Quotations, and Ellipses
  • 10.1 Examples of Superscript Symbols
  • 10.2 Examples of Subscript Symbols
• 12 Numbers, Units, Mathematical Expressions, and Statistics
  • 12.1 Values of Roman Numerals
  • 12.2 Symbols for Select National Currencies
  • 12.3 Système International d’Unités Base Units and Their Symbols
  • 12.4 Derived Units in the Système International d’Unités That Have Special Names and Symbols
  • 12.5 Other Units of Measurement Accepted for Use with Units of the Système International d’Unités
  • 12.6 Prefixes Used with Units of the Système International d’Unités
  • 12.7 Outdated Units of Measurement Not Endorsed by the Système International d’Unités
  • 12.8 Select Weights and Measures Used in the United States and the United Kingdom and Their Metric Equivalents
  • 12.9 Mathematical Functions
  • 12.10 Common Operators in Arithmetic, Algebra, and Number Theory
  • 12.11 Calculus Symbols
  • 12.12 Notations Used in Set Theory
  • 12.13 Matrix Notations
  • 12.14 Symbols Used in Statistics
• 13 Time, Dates, and Age Measurements
  • 13.1 Eras: Names, Abbreviations, and Origins
  • 13.2 The 3-Age Chronologic System for Describing Prehistoric Ages
• 14 Geographic Designations
  • 14.1 Postal Symbols of States, Provinces, and Territories of the United States, Canada, and Australia for Tables and End References
• 15 The Electromagnetic Spectrum
  • 15.1 Electromagnetic Spectrum
• 16 Subatomic Particles, Chemical Elements, and Related Notations
  • 16.1 Elementary Particles: Examples of Symbols
  • 16.2 Projectiles and Products in Natural and Artificial Nuclear Reactions
  • 16.3 Atomic Numbers, Names, and Symbols of the Chemical Elements
• 17 Chemical Formulas and Names
  • 17.1 Simple Numerical Terms
  • 17.2 Suffixes for Derivation of Prefix Names from Parent Hydrides
  • 17.3 Characteristic Groups Cited Only as Prefixes
  • 17.4 Characteristic Group Suffixes and Prefixes
  • 17.5 Mononuclear Parent Hydrides
  • 17.6 Representative Acyclic Parent Hydrides
  • 17.7 Prefixes for Hantzsch–Widman System of Skeletal Replacement (“a”)
  • 17.8 Stems for Hantzsch–Widman System
  • 17.9 Functional Replacement Infixes and Prefixes
  • 17.10 Suffixes and Substituent Prefix Endings for Radicals and Ions Derived from Parent Hydrides
  • 17.11 Descriptors for Organic Stereochemical Nomenclature
  • 17.12 Inorganic Polyhedra
  • 17.13 Names and Symbols of Common α-Amino Acids
  • 17.14 Monosaccharide Classes
  • 17.15 Carotenoid C-9 End Groups
  • 17.16 Purines, Pyrimidines, and Nucleosides: Recommended Symbols
  • 17.17 Characteristic Groups of Retinoids
  • 17.18 Representative Steroids
• 18 Chemical Kinetics and Thermodynamics
  • 18.1 Symbols and Units for Some Thermodynamic Quantities
  • 18.2 Selected Terms, Symbols, and Units Related to Microbial Processes
  • 18.3 Selected Symbols for Ion Mass Transport and Exchange
  • 18.4 Selected Terms, Symbols, and Units Recommended for Enzyme Kinetics
• 20 Drugs and Pharmacokinetics
  • 20.1 Types of Information in Entries of the USP Dictionary of USAN and International Drug Names
  • 20.2 Examples of Common Pharmacokinetic Symbols and Qualifiers
• 21 Genes, Chromosomes, and Related Molecules
  • 21.1 General Rules and Principles: Recommendations for Symbolization
  • 21.2 Cytochrome P450 Gene Superfamily, Families, and Subfamilies: Symbols
  • 21.3 Bacteria: Symbols for Genes and Phenotypes
  • 21.4 Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Symbols for Genes and Phenotypes
  • 21.5 Schizosaccharomyces pombe: Symbols for Genes
  • 21.6 Aspergillus nidulans: Symbols for Genes and Phenotypes
  • 21.7 Neurospora crassa: Symbols for Genes and Phenotypes
  • 21.8 Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: Symbols for Genes and Phenotypes
  • 21.9 Leishmania spp. and Trypanosoma spp.: Symbols for Genes and Phenotypes
  • 21.10 Paramecium spp. and Tetrahymena spp.: Symbols for Genes and Phenotypes
  • 21.11 Plants: Gene Nomenclature
  • 21.12 Plants: Cytogenetic Nomenclature
  • 21.13 Maize (Corn): Symbols for Genes and Phenotypes
  • 21.14 Oat: Symbols for Genes and Chromosomes
  • 21.15 Rice: Symbols for Genes and Phenotypes
  • 21.16 Wheat and Related Species: Symbols for Genes and Phenotypes
  • 21.17 Arabidopsis thaliana and Other Crucifers: Symbols for Genes and Phenotypes
  • 21.18 Cucurbits: Symbols for Genes and Phenotypes
  • 21.19 Pea: Symbols for Genes and Phenotypes
  • 21.20 Soybean: Symbols for Genes, Alleles, and Cytoplasmic Factors
  • 21.21 Tomato: Symbols for Genes and Phenotypes
  • 21.22 Animals: Gene Nomenclature
  • 21.23 Animals: Cytogenetic Nomenclature
  • 21.24 Caenorhabditis elegans: Symbols for Genes and Phenotypes
  • 21.25 Drosophila melanogaster: Genes and Phenotypes
  • 21.26 Fish: Symbols for Genes and Phenotypes
  • 21.27 Zebra Danio: Symbols for Genes and Phenotypes
  • 21.28 Poultry, Domestic Fowl, and Other Avian Species: Symbols for Genes and Phenotypes
  • 21.29 Domestic Mammals (Ruminants and Other Farmed Mammals): Symbols for Genes and Phenotypes
  • 21.30 Mouse: Symbols for Genes and Phenotypes
  • 21.31 Mouse Chromosome Terminology: Conventions and Examples
  • 21.32 Human Genes: Symbols for Genes and Phenotypes
  • 21.33 Human Chromosomes: Symbols and Abbreviations
  • 21.34 Human Chromosomes: Examples of Karyotypic Descriptions
• 22 Taxonomy and Nomenclature
  • 22.1 Suffixes for the 15 Taxonomic Ranks of Viruses, Satellite Nucleic Acids, Viroids, and Viriforms
• 23 Anatomical and Physiological Descriptions for Macroorganisms
  • 23.1 Selected Conditions and Units of Measure for Controlled Environments for Plant Studies
  • 23.2 Terms for Light Measurements and Photosynthesis
  • 23.3 Examples of Variables Related to Hemodynamics
  • 23.4 Examples of Variables for Respiratory Function
  • 23.5 Examples of Variables for Thermal Physiology
  • 23.6 Symbols for Designating Generations
• 24 Disease Names
  • 24.1 Sources of Plant Disease Names
• 25 Earth
  • 25.1 Symbols for Basic Symmetry Operations of a Space Group in Crystallography
  • 25.2 Symbols in Crystallography
  • 25.3 Brief Definitions of Master Horizons
  • 25.4 Brief Descriptions of the Orders of Soil Taxonomy
  • 25.5 Sediment Classification according to Grain Size
• 26 Astronomical Objects and Time Systems
  • 26.1 Constellation Names and Their Abbreviations
  • 26.2 Abbreviations for the Titles of Selected Astronomical Catalogs
  • 26.3 Abbreviations and Symbols Frequently Used in the Astronomical Literature
  • 26.4 Examples of Alternative Designations for Bright Stars
  • 26.5 Luminosity Classes of Stars
• 27 Journal Style and Format
  • 27.1 Title Page for Bound Volumes: Recommended Information
  • 27.2 Issue Dates
  • 27.3 Front Covers of Print Issues: Needed Information and Location
  • 27.4 Front Covers of Print Issues: Additional Information for Particular Issues
  • 27.5 Masthead
  • 27.6 Information for Authors: Potential Content
  • 27.7 Supplements and Special Issues
  • 27.8 Title Page of a Scientific Article: Necessary Elements
  • 27.9 Sections of a Research Report: Typical Headings and Functions
• 28 Books and Other Monographs
  • 28.1 Components of Books
• 30 Tables, Figures, and Indexes
  • 30.1 Checklist for Decisions about Content and Formatting of Indexes
• 31 Typography and Manuscript Preparation
  • 31.1 Specifications for a Print Journal: Dimensions, Paper, Design, and Typographic Details
  • 31.2 Typographic Conventions and Markings
• 32 Proof Correction
  • 32.1 American and British Proofreaders’ Marks and Symbols
• 33 Digital Standards of Scholarly Journal Publishing
  • 33.1 Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing
  • 33.2 Differences between HTTPS and HTTP
  • 33.3 Select DOI Registration Agencies
  • 33.4 Items Tracked in Crossref Participation Report
  • 33.5 Various Degrees of the Data-Sharing Policy